What are the hidden costs associated with brownfield residential development projects in metropolitan Perth?

Hidden costs in Perth brownfield residential developments often stem from unforeseen site conditions. Contamination remediation, beyond initial assessments, is a major culprit, requiring specialist consultants and extended timelines. Obsolete or undocumented infrastructure, such as redundant drainage or services, necessitates costly demolition and re-routing. Additionally, escalating compliance requirements for environmental, heritage, or aboriginal cultural heritage impact assessments can introduce significant unbudgeted expenses and approval delays, further impacting holding costs and project feasibility.